By Mike Ivaska, Associate Pastor
In my devotional reading this morning, one of the portions I read was God’s instructions to Moses and the Israelites on how they should build the tabernacle (Exodus 25-30). As I read through the detailed instructions, I found myself skimming instead of reading. After all, this Old Testament Law stuff isn’t really relevant for the Christian today, right? Earlier in the week I had been reading some of the more behaviorally-oriented laws regarding loyalty to Yahweh and just treatment of others. Those laws had obvious New Covenant application. I could contextualize those commands and make application to my life without too much mental contortion. But what does the design of the lampstand in the tabernacle have to do with me today?
The author of the book of Hebrews instructs us that the reason God gave such elaborate and specific details regarding the tabernacle and its furniture was because the tabernacle represented heavenly realities. The tabernacle was supposed to be a visible sermon about Jesus and what he would one day accomplish. That is an awesome truth. Really, it is the primary truth that we need to take away from reading even the “moral laws” of the Old Testament. The Law points to Jesus. The ceremonial laws point to the person and work of Christ. The moral laws point to God’s intentions for humanity, giving us both a guide to live on and the knowledge of our need for forgiveness through Jesus.
But something else stuck out to me this morning as I read these verses: It matters to God how we worship him!
Though the Mosaic covenant was a “type and shadow” of the covenant Christ brings, it was still intended to reveal God and his character to God’s covenant people. And for 1500 years, the Old Testament sacrificial system and tabernacle/temple rituals were how God’s people approached their Lord. So the entire worship structure of the Law tells us about who God is and what he cares about. One thing this teaches us is that God cares how people worship him! He gives specific instructions. He goes into as great of detail about the worship utensils and practices as he does any other aspect of covenant life. So how does this apply to the Christian today?
There are several ways Christians have approached this reality. I can think of a few…
1. God still expects people to relate to him under the conditions set forth in the Mosaic covenant so far as they can be kept without an actual physical temple in Jerusalem. Paul deals with this issue straightforwardly in Galatians, and the book of Hebrews goes into even greater detail as to why Christ has fulfilled, surpassed, and replaced the Mosaic covenant. The New Covenant has fulfilled the expectations of the Old, so simply going back to Mosaic worship practices won’t do if we want to worship God in a way that pleases him.
2. It matters how we worship God because the Christian liturgy/sacraments mediate grace directly upon those who participate in them. This is, of course, the classical Roman Catholic position on the liturgy, or worship service. The church dispenses grace by means of the sacraments (the Lord’s Supper, baptism, etc.) and thus participation in the service and partaking of the sacraments causes a person to receive a new measure of grace. While this perspective may not be an obvious temptation to those of us who attend VICC, some of us probably do believe that our stock goes up with God merely because we have faithfully gone to church this week – even if we slept through most of it! This error might also apply to those who believe that the Spirit can only move with power if the order of worship happens in a certain way – as though the Spirit is not at work in our praying, giving, and listening to the Word unless someone cries or gets a chill down their spine.
3. Because we are in the New Covenant, God has no commands or expectations of us regarding how we should worship him. Because there is no temple except the people of God gathered and filled with the Spirit, and because we are not under law, it could be easy to assume that the New Testament principle of worship is to just do whatever makes us feel close to God. While the emphasis on the freedom given to us in the gospel is good, this approach overlooks the fact that although the covenant has changed, God has not. (It also fails to realize that the new Testament does actually give us guidance on how to worship God properly.)
So if we are not under the Mosaic covenant, if we are not dependent upon rituals to receive grace, and if we are not left entirely to our own whims and wishes regarding the worship of God, where does that leave us? It leaves us with a rich and guided freedom to enjoy God on our own and when gathered together as his church.
1. We are to worship God in spirit and in truth (John 4:24). Because right worship of God is no longer tied to the temple in Jerusalem, Christians are free to rightly worship God in whatever place they find themselves. To worship God in spirit and truth (or in the Spirit and in truth) means, at the very least, to worship God from our hearts and with our lives. To worship God in my spirit (or in the Spirit) is to worship God from the inside out, from the new heart that God has given me when he made me born again. So true worship is love. And worship is also “in truth,” because I do not want to be like the Pharisees who honor God with their lips but not with their lives. Worship starts the week before I get to church and keeps going after I leave. Worship even includes paying my bills on time and being a faithful husband to my wife.
2. Worship should include faithful observance of the ordinances. Jesus left the church two wonderful pictures of his work on our behalf. He gave us baptism, which symbolizes the new birth of the believer through Jesus’ death and resurrection (Romans 6). He also gave us the Lord’s Supper, or communion, which allows us to declare Christ’s death for our sins and the unity he gives us as we accept one another in him (1 Corinthians 11:17-32).
3. Worship should include regular confession of our sin to God (1 John 1:8-9). Taking communion is not only an act of obedience, it is also a confession of our need for Christ’s death to save us from our sins. When we worship God, whether the service gives a specific place for it or not, we should be sure to take time (preferably toward the beginning of the worship service) to confess our faults to God and receive his forgiveness. Far from being a “religious” thing to do, this both keeps us humble as we regularly acknowledge our shortcomings and keeps us hopeful as we regularly remind ourselves that forgiveness really is ours in Jesus.
4. The Word of God should be the center of the worship service (1 Timothy 4:13, James 1:21). Worship is a dialog with God. We of course speak to and sing to God, but God should be the one doing most of the talking. God speaks by his Spirit, and he speaks through us often as we pray, but the primary place that God speaks is through his written Word, the Bible.
5. Worship is participatory, and should include all the members of the congregation (1 Corinthians 12-14). God wants all of us involved in worship, connecting with him. This does not mean that every person gets to talk or sing or lead in prayer in every service, but God does want the church as a body to worship him, and room needs to be made for the various gifts to flourish and operate. Even if God is not gifting you to “do something” in the service, your personal participation through prayer, singing, and attention to the Word is immensely valuable to him.
6. Worship should be sensitive to others (1 Corinthians 14). When we exercise our gifts in the worship service, we should not get so “lost in God” that we cause the people around us to stumble or struggle. It has been said that the Holy Spirit is a gentleman, and he will not “make” someone stand up in the midst of a church service to disrupt and create confusion. Each one of us, as we worship, should be connecting with God personally. But when we stand up to do something in the service, it should be with the good of the people around us in mind. Closeness with God need not draw attention to itself.
Undoubtedly there is more that I could say about New Covenant worship, but this seems like a good place to stop. I have already gone longer than I intended. God bless….